Poisoning in dogs is common because dogs explore and discern using their mouths. Many substances, like antifreeze, have a sweet taste that appeals to dogs.
Knowing how to identify and treat your dog in the case of poisoning can save his life. Acting quickly is the key to recovery. The longer a substance remains in your dog’s stomach or skin, the more dangerous the situation.
Most dogs recover from poisoning using first aid techniques and evaluation from veterinarians.
Common Sources of Poisoning
Most manufactured substances can be toxic to animals if consumed in significant quantities. But some are more toxic than others. Additionally, some natural substances and plants can be harmful. Below is a list of common poisonous substances for dogs:
Coolant and Antifreeze
Insecticides and Fertilizers
Cannabis
Household cleaners
Rubbish
Medications
Plants: African Violet, Aloe plant, Mushrooms
Human Food: Xylitol (sweetener), Chocolate, Onions, Avocado, Grapes
Signs and Symptoms
The signs of poisoning in dogs are consistent. If you note the following symptoms in your dog and see evidence of rubbish or leftover poisonous substances, act immediately:
Vomiting
Lethargy
Excessive panting
Impaired coordination
Trembling/Shaking
Elevated heart rate
Seizures
Treatment
If you believe your pet has ingested a poisonous substance:
It is best practice to speak to a veterinarian or poison control specialist before inducing vomiting because sometimes it can be harmful. However, early vomiting is often a critical factor in recovery.
If you are unable to reach a credible source for guidance and your dog is exhibiting signs of poisoning, induce vomiting using the following:
3% Hydrogen Peroxide: 1 tablespoon. Can repeat after 5 minutes. Immediately effective.
Salt: 1 teaspoon. Can repeat after 5 minutes. Variable effectiveness.
Syrup of Ipecac: 1 teaspoon per 10 lbs weight. Can repeat every 4 hours. It may take 15-20 minutes to work.
Do not induce vomiting if:
Dog is unconscious
Ingested caustic substances like battery acid, detergent, oven cleaner, and floor wax.
It has been more than 3 hours since the ingestion of poison
Treatment for poisoning may involve first-line treatment at home followed by a visit to the veterinarian for a comprehensive workup, targeted therapy for the specific toxin, and monitoring.
In the office, your veterinarian might offer the following clinical treatments:
Gastric scope to examine gastric contents
Gastric lavage to irrigate the stomach
Administration of IV fluids, antibiotics, anticonvulsants, anxiolytics, and antitoxins
Oxygen monitoring and administration
Electrocardiogram to evaluate the heart’s function
Obtain professional help. A licensed veterinarian can differentiate between different types of poisoning to provide the best treatment.
Prevention
Keep household cleaners and food safely stored away. Larger breeds like Labrador Retrievers are especially prone to poisoning because they are more likely to explore substances through their mouth.
Keep hydrogen peroxide on hand if travelling outdoors or camping where toxic substances might be present.
Final Thoughts
Though some poisonings can be fatal, most are not fatal except in the cases of incredibly toxic substances or ingested in large quantities. A veterinarian or poison control center can guide you on whether or not to treat at home. It is best practice to have a professional evaluate your pet after completing treatment at home.
Poisoning can be a scary event for both the pet and the pet owner. But taking steps to learn first aid skills helps to keep your pet safe.
Check out the Australia Wide article library for more pet first aid resources.
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